Isingeniso
Ezimbonini eziningi, amaphampu e-centrifugal avame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthutha uketshezi lwe-viscous.Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sivame ukuhlangana nezinkinga ezilandelayo: ingakanani i-viscosity ephezulu engakwazi ukuphatha iphampu ye-centrifugal;Iyini i-viscosity encane edinga ukulungiswa ekusebenzeni kwephampu ye-centrifugal.Lokhu kuhilela usayizi wepompo (ukugeleza kokupompa), ijubane elithile (ukwehla kwejubane elithile, ukulahleka okukhulu kwe-disk friction), uhlelo lokusebenza (izidingo zokucindezela kwesistimu), umnotho, ukugcinwa, njll.
Lesi sihloko sizokwethula ngokuningiliziwe umthelela we-viscosity ekusebenzeni kwephampu ye-centrifugal, ukunqunywa kwe-coefficient yokulungisa i-viscosity, kanye nezindaba ezidinga ukunakwa ekusetshenzisweni kobunjiniyela obusebenzayo ngokuhambisana namazinga afanelekile nolwazi lokuzijwayeza lobunjiniyela, ukuze kusetshenziswe inkomba kuphela.
1. I-viscosity ephezulu engaphathwa iphampu ye-centrifugal
Kwezinye izinkomba zangaphandle, umkhawulo omkhulu we-viscosity iphampu ye-centrifugal engakwazi ukuwuphatha usethwa njengo-3000~3300cSt (centisea, okulingana no-mm ²/ s).Kulolu daba, u-CE Petersen wayenephepha lobuchwepheshe langaphambili (elalinyatheliswa emhlanganweni we-Pacific Energy Association ngo-September 1982) futhi wabeka phambili impikiswano yokuthi i-viscosity enkulu i-centrifugal futha engakwazi ukuyiphatha ingabalwa ngobukhulu be-pump outlet. umlomo wombhobho, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuFomula (1):
I-Vmax=300(D-1)
Lapho, i-Vm iyisilinganiso esiphezulu esivumelekile se-kinematic viscosity SSU (Saybolt universal viscosity) sephampu;D ububanzi bombhobho wokuphuma kwepompo (intshi).
Kumkhuba wobunjiniyela obusebenzayo, le fomula ingasetshenziswa njengomthetho wesithupha ukuze kusetshenziswe inkomba.I-Guan Xingfan's Modern Pump Theory and Design ibamba ukuthi: ngokuvamile, iphampu ye-vane ifanele ukuhanjiswa nge-viscosity engaphansi kuka-150cSt, kodwa kumaphampu amaphakathi ane-NPSHR angaphansi kakhulu kwe-NSHA, ingasetshenziselwa i-viscosity engu-500~600cSt;Uma i-viscosity ingaphezu kuka-650cSt, ukusebenza kwephampu ye-centrifugal kuzokwehla kakhulu futhi akufanele ukusetshenziswa.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi ipompo ye-centrifugal iyaqhubeka futhi i-pulsatile uma iqhathaniswa nepompo ye-volumetric, futhi ayidingi i-valve yokuphepha kanye nokulawulwa kokugeleza kulula, kuvamile futhi ukusebenzisa amaphampu we-centrifugal ekukhiqizeni amakhemikhali lapho i-viscosity ifinyelela ku-1000cSt.I-viscosity yesicelo sezomnotho sepompo ye-centrifugal ngokuvamile ikhawulelwe cishe ku-500ct, okuncike kakhulu kusayizi nokusetshenziswa kwepompo.
2. Umthelela we-viscosity ekusebenzeni kwepompo ye-centrifugal
Ukulahleka kwengcindezi, ukungqubuzana kwe-impeller kanye nokulahlekelwa kokuvuza kwangaphakathi ku-impeller kanye ne-guide vane/volute flow passage yepompo elimaphakathi kuncike kakhulu ekubonakaleni koketshezi olupompowe.Ngakho-ke, lapho upompa uketshezi nge-viscosity ephezulu, ukusebenza okunqunywe ngamanzi kuzolahlekelwa ukusebenza kwayo I-viscosity ye-medium inomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwepompo ye-centrifugal.Uma kuqhathaniswa namanzi, ukuphakama kwe-viscosity yoketshezi, kukhulu ukugeleza nokulahlekelwa kwekhanda kwepompo elinikeziwe ngesivinini esithile.Ngakho-ke, iphuzu elihle kakhulu lepompo lizoqhubekela ekugelezeni okuphansi, ukugeleza nekhanda kuzokwehla, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuzokwanda, futhi ukusebenza kahle kuzokwehla.Iningi lezincwadi nezindinganiso zasekhaya nezangaphandle kanye nesipiliyoni sokusebenza kwezobunjiniyela sibonisa ukuthi i-viscosity inomphumela omncane ekhanda endaweni yokuvala iphampu.
3. Ukunqunywa kwe-coefficient yokulungiswa kwe-viscosity
Uma i-viscosity idlula i-20cSt, umphumela we-viscosity ekusebenzeni kwepompo uyabonakala.Ngakho-ke, ezinhlelweni ezisebenzayo zobunjiniyela, lapho i-viscosity ifinyelela ku-20cSt, ukusebenza kwephampu ye-centrifugal kudinga ukulungiswa.Kodwa-ke, lapho i-viscosity iku-5 ~ 20 cSt, ukusebenza kwayo namandla okuhambisana nemoto kufanele kuhlolwe.
Lapho udonsa i-viscous medium, kuyadingeka ukuthi uguqule ijika lesici lapho udonsa amanzi.
Njengamanje, amafomula, amashadi nezinyathelo zokulungisa ezithathwe izindinganiso zasekhaya nezangaphandle (ezifana ne-GB/Z 32458 [2], ISO/TR 17766 [3], njll.) zoketshezi lwe-viscous ngokuyisisekelo zisuka kumazinga e-American Hydraulic. Isikhungo.Uma ukusebenza komgudu wokudlulisa iphampu kwaziwa njengamanzi, izinga le-American Hydraulic Institute ANSI/HI9.6.7-2015 [4] linikeza izinyathelo zokulungisa ezinemininingwane kanye namafomula wokubala afanelekile.
4. Ulwazi lwesicelo sobunjiniyela
Kusukela ekuthuthukisweni kwamaphampu e-centrifugal, abanduleli bemboni yephampu bafingqe izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokushintsha ukusebenza kwamaphampu angama-centrifugal ukusuka emanzini kuye kwabezindaba be-viscous, ngayinye inezinzuzo kanye nokubi:
4.1 Imodeli ye-AJStepaff
4.2 Indlela yePaciga
4.3 I-American Hydraulic Institute
4.4 Indlela ye-KSB yaseJalimane
5.Izinyathelo zokuqapha
5.1Imidiya esebenzayo
Ishadi lokuguqulwa kanye nefomula yokubala kusebenza kuphela oketshezini olufana ne-viscous, oluvame ukubizwa ngokuthi uketshezi lwe-Newtonian (njengamafutha okugcoba), kodwa hhayi oketshezini olungezona lwe-Newtonian (njengoketshezi olunefayibha, ukhilimu, uketshezi oluxutshwe namanzi amalahle, njll. .)
5.2 Ukugeleza okusebenzayo
Ukufunda akusebenzi.
Okwamanje, amafomula okulungisa namashadi ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ayisifinyezo sedatha ye-empirical, ezokhawulelwa yimibandela yokuhlola.Ngakho-ke, ezinhlelweni ezisebenzayo zobunjiniyela, kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile: amafomula ahlukene okulungisa noma amashadi kufanele asetshenziselwe izigaba zokugeleza ezihlukene.
5.3 Uhlobo lwephampu olusebenzayo
Amafomula namashadi aguquliwe asebenza kuphela kumaphampu amaphakathi anesakhiwo esivamile se-hydraulic, ama-impeller avuliwe noma avaliwe, futhi asebenza eduze nendawo esebenza kahle kakhulu (kunokuba sekupheleni kwejika lephampu).Amaphampu aklanyelwe ngokukhethekile uketshezi lwe-viscous noma olwahlukene awakwazi ukusebenzisa lawa mafomula namashadi.
5.4 Imajini yokuphepha ye-cavitation esebenzayo
Lapho upompa uketshezi olune-viscosity ephezulu, i-NPSHA ne-NPSH3 kudingeka ukuthi ibe nemajini eyanele yokuphepha ye-cavitation, ephakeme kunaleyo eshiwo kwamanye amazinga kanye nokucaciswa (okufana ne-ANSI/HI 9.6.1-2012 [7]).
5.5 Abanye
1) Umthelela we-viscosity ekusebenzeni kwepompo ye-centrifugal kunzima ukubalwa ngefomula enembile noma ihlolwe ngeshadi, futhi ingaguqulwa kuphela ijika elitholwe ekuhlolweni.Ngakho-ke, ezinhlelweni ezisebenzayo zobunjiniyela, lapho kukhethwa izinto zokushayela (ezinamandla), kufanele kucabangele ukubekela eceleni umkhawulo wokuphepha owanele.
2) Oketshezini olune-viscosity ephezulu ekamelweni lokushisa, uma iphampu (efana ne-high-temperature slurry pump ye-catalytic cracking unit endaweni yokucwenga) iqalwa ngezinga lokushisa elingaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elivamile lokusebenza, umklamo womshini wepompo (njengamandla we-pump shaft) kanye nokukhethwa kwedrayivu nokuhlanganisa kufanele kucabangele ithonya le-torque elikhiqizwa ukwanda kwe-viscosity.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi:
① Ukuze kwehliswe amaphuzu okuvuza (izingozi ezingenzeka), iphampu ye-cantilever yesiteji esisodwa izosetshenziswa ngokusemandleni;
② Igobolondo lephampu kufanele lifakwe ijakhethi yokuhlukanisa noma idivayisi yokulandelela ukushisa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuqina okuphakathi ngesikhathi sokuvalwa kwesikhashana;
③ Uma isikhathi sokuvala siside, okuphakathi kugobolondo kuzothululwa futhi kuhlanzwe;
④ Ukuze uvimbele ukuthi iphampu ingabi nzima ukuyiqaqa ngenxa yokuqina kwe-viscous medium ekushiseni okuvamile, izibophelelo ezisendlini yepompo kufanele zithukululwe kancane ngaphambi kokuba izinga lokushisa eliphakathi lehle liye ezingeni lokushisa elivamile (naka ukuvikelwa kwabasebenzi ukuze ugweme ukushisa. ), ukuze umzimba wepompo kanye nesembozo sepompo kuhlukaniswe kancane kancane.
3) Iphampu enesivinini esikhethekile kufanele ikhethwe ngangokunokwenzeka ukuthutha uketshezi lwe-viscous, ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela we-viscous liquid ekusebenzeni kwayo futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwepompo ye-viscous.
6. Isiphetho
I-viscosity ye-medium inethonya elikhulu ekusebenzeni kwepompo ye-centrifugal.Umthelela we-viscosity ekusebenzeni kwepompo ye-centrifugal kunzima ukubalwa ngefomula enembile noma uhlolwe ngeshadi, ngakho-ke izindlela ezifanele kufanele zikhethwe ukuze kulungiswe ukusebenza kwepompo.
Kuphela lapho i-viscosity yangempela ye-pump medium iyaziwa, ingakhethwa ngokunembile ukuze kugwenywe izinkinga eziningi zesayithi ezibangelwa umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-viscosity enikeziwe kanye ne-viscosity yangempela.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-27-2022